State of Open Data 2022 Descriptives

Research, N., & Goodey, G. (2022). State of Open Data Survey 2022 additional resources (Version 1). figshare. https://doi.org/10.6084/m9.figshare.21295422.v1

Professional background

Q2.1 To provide a little more context for your later responses we would first like to understand a little about your research and attitudes towards open science.

Q2.2 About you: In which year was your first peer-reviewed research article published?

	Q2.2	n	Pct
2	2019	1091	0.048
3	2018	898	0.040
4	2017	838	0.037
5	2015	837	0.037
6	2012	762	0.034
7	2014	756	0.033
8	2021	733	0.032
9	2016	726	0.032
10	2013	710	0.031
11	2010	697	0.031
12	2009	639	0.028
13	2011	638	0.028
14	2020	622	0.027
15	2008	613	0.027
16	2022	571	0.025
17	2005	549	0.024
18	2007	542	0.024
19	2006	534	0.023
20	2004	510	0.022
21	2003	487	0.021
22	2000	476	0.021
23	1998	470	0.021
24	2002	451	0.020
25	2001	433	0.019
26	1999	424	0.019
27	1996	392	0.017
28	1997	389	0.017
29	1992	376	0.017
30	1995	359	0.016
31	1994	344	0.015
32	1991	328	0.014
33	1993	322	0.014
34	1990	321	0.014
35	1989	297	0.013
36	1987	269	0.012
38	1985	265	0.012
39	1986	260	0.011
40	1988	260	0.011
41	1984	234	0.010
42	1983	201	0.009
43	1980	187	0.008
44	1982	185	0.008
45	1978	173	0.008
46	1981	169	0.007
47	1979	162	0.007
48	1976	137	0.006
49	1974	114	0.005
50	1975	110	0.005
51	1977	110	0.005
52	1972	98	0.004
53	1973	92	0.004
54	1971	79	0.003
55	1970	74	0.003
56	1969	71	0.003
57	1967	51	0.002
58	1965	45	0.002
59	1968	44	0.002
60	1966	36	0.002
61	1964	29	0.001
62	1963	25	0.001
63	1962	24	0.001
64	1960	17	0.001
65	1961	17	0.001
66	1957	13	0.001
67	1959	12	0.001
68	1950	11	0.000
69	1958	9	0.000
70	1955	5	0.000
71	1954	2	0.000
72	1956	2	0.000
73	1951	1	0.000
74	1953	1	0.000

Q2.3 When was the last occasion that you published or submitted a manuscript to a journal?

Survey	Q2.3	n	Pct
2022	Within the last year	4999	0.735
2019	Within the last year	4597	0.806
2020	Within the last year	4001	0.809
2021	Within the last year	3718	0.828
2019	1-2 years ago	742	0.130
2022	1-2 years ago	730	0.107
2020	1-2 years ago	602	0.122
2021	1-2 years ago	509	0.113
2022	I have never submitted a manuscript to a journal	394	0.058
2022	3-5 years ago	375	0.055
2019	3-5 years ago	361	0.063
2020	3-5 years ago	342	0.069
2022	More than 5 years ago	300	0.044
2021	3-5 years ago	264	0.059

Q2.4 Which type of organisation do you work in?

Survey	Q2.4	n	Pct
2022	University	4265	0.627
2019	University	3572	0.627
2020	University	2911	0.589
2021	University	2638	0.589
2017	University	1453	0.625
2022	Research institution	827	0.122
2019	Research institution	801	0.141
2020	Research institution	742	0.150
2018	University	710	0.622
2021	Research institution	635	0.142
2022	Other (please specify)	417	0.061
2022	Private company	401	0.059
2020	Medical school	331	0.067
2019	Private company	323	0.057
2022	Hospital	322	0.047
2020	Hospital	318	0.064
2017	Research institution	316	0.136
2021	Medical school	305	0.068
2022	Medical school	304	0.045
2019	Medical school	286	0.050
2022	Government/local government	262	0.039
2020	Private company	254	0.051
2019	Government/local government	251	0.044
2021	Private company	248	0.055
2021	Other (please specify)	242	0.054
2019	Hospital	238	0.042
2019	Other (please specify)	229	0.040
2021	Hospital	228	0.051
2020	Other (please specify)	203	0.041
2020	Government/local government	186	0.038
2021	Government/local government	186	0.041
2018	Research institution	166	0.145
2017	Hospital	116	0.050
2017	Government/local government	113	0.049
2017	Private company	113	0.049
2017	Other (please specify)	108	0.046
2017	Medical school	105	0.045
2018	Other (please specify)	74	0.065
2018	Private company	60	0.053
2018	Government/local government	48	0.042
2018	Medical school	46	0.040
2018	Hospital	37	0.032

Q2.6 Which of the following job titles best applies to you?

Survey	Q2.6	n	Pct
2022	Professor	1557	0.229
2022	PhD/Masters Student	916	0.135
2022	Associate professor	897	0.132
2022	Research Scientist	790	0.116
2022	Assistant Professor	724	0.107
2022	Other	476	0.070
2022	Postdoctoral candidate	302	0.044
2022	Physician/Clinician	275	0.040
2022	Undergraduate Student	227	0.033
2022	Principal Investigator	198	0.029
2022	Technician/Research Assistant	135	0.020
2022	Research Director/VP of Research	130	0.019
2022	Healthcare professional	99	0.015
2022	Laboratory Director/Head	72	0.011

Q2.7 Which of the following best describes your primary area of interest?

Survey	Q2.7	n	Pct
2022	Medicine	1344	0.198
2020	Medicine	1185	0.242
2022	Other (please specify)	1184	0.174
2022	Biology	1103	0.162
2019	Medicine	1048	0.187
2020	Biology	945	0.193
2019	Biology	925	0.165
2019	Other (please specify)	917	0.164
2021	Medicine	897	0.200
2021	Other (please specify)	849	0.189
2021	Biology	820	0.183
2022	Engineering	767	0.113
2020	Other (please specify)	758	0.155
2022	Social Sciences	680	0.100
2019	Engineering	669	0.120
2019	Social Sciences	633	0.113
2021	Engineering	530	0.118
2019	Earth and Environmental Science	498	0.089
2020	Engineering	491	0.100
2022	Earth and Environmental Science	490	0.072
2020	Social Sciences	423	0.086
2021	Social Sciences	422	0.094
2016	Biology	402	0.280
2020	Earth and Environmental Science	369	0.075
2022	Chemistry	337	0.050
2021	Earth and Environmental Science	333	0.074
2022	Physics	268	0.039
2019	Physics	242	0.043
2018	Biology	229	0.199
2022	Materials Science	229	0.034
2016	Medicine	227	0.158
2022	Arts and Humanities	210	0.031
2019	Chemistry	208	0.037
2020	Physics	184	0.038
2021	Physics	183	0.041
2018	Other (please specify)	179	0.156
2020	Chemistry	172	0.035
2018	Medicine	169	0.147
2018	Social Sciences	167	0.145
2016	Other (please specify)	162	0.113
2021	Chemistry	156	0.035
2020	Materials Science	146	0.030
2019	Arts and Humanities	139	0.025
2016	Engineering	135	0.094
2019	Materials Science	133	0.024
2021	Materials Science	128	0.029
2022	Business/Investment	127	0.019
2016	Social Sciences	123	0.086
2018	Earth and Environmental Science	119	0.103
2020	Arts and Humanities	114	0.023
2016	Earth and Environmental Science	110	0.077
2019	Business/Investment	109	0.019
2016	Physics	88	0.061
2021	Arts and Humanities	84	0.019
2018	Engineering	81	0.070
2017	Biology	77	0.298
2019	Astronomy and planetary science	71	0.013
2020	Business/Investment	70	0.014
2016	Chemistry	65	0.045
2022	Astronomy and planetary science	59	0.009
2016	Materials Science	51	0.036
2021	Business/Investment	49	0.011
2018	Chemistry	48	0.042
2020	Astronomy and planetary science	46	0.009
2017	Other (please specify)	45	0.174
2016	Arts and Humanities	44	0.031
2018	Arts and Humanities	44	0.038
2018	Materials Science	44	0.038
2021	Astronomy and planetary science	40	0.009
2017	Earth and Environmental Science	33	0.128
2018	Business/Investment	30	0.026
2017	Social Sciences	29	0.112
2018	Physics	29	0.025
2017	Medicine	27	0.105
2017	Engineering	24	0.093
2016	Astronomy and planetary science	15	0.010
2016	Business/Investment	14	0.010
2018	Astronomy and planetary science	11	0.010
2017	Arts and Humanities	8	0.031
2017	Physics	6	0.023
2017	Chemistry	4	0.016
2017	Materials Science	3	0.012
2017	Astronomy and planetary science	1	0.004
2017	Business/Investment	1	0.004

Q2.9 Which country/ territory are you located in?

Survey	Q2.9	n	Pct
2022	China (Mainland)	928	0.137
2019	United States	886	0.159
2022	United States	731	0.108
2022	India	658	0.097
2021	United States	644	0.147
2020	India	576	0.120
2020	United States	573	0.120
2022	Japan	532	0.078
2021	India	502	0.115
2022	Germany	484	0.071
2017	United States	478	0.196
2019	India	445	0.080
2016	United States	342	0.239
2020	Japan	293	0.061
2019	Germany	275	0.049
2021	Japan	268	0.061
2021	Germany	250	0.057
2019	United Kingdom	239	0.043
2019	Italy	238	0.043
2022	Italy	237	0.035
2020	China (Mainland)	228	0.048
2018	United States	222	0.189
2020	Germany	222	0.046
2022	United Kingdom	219	0.032
2020	Italy	204	0.043
2021	United Kingdom	197	0.045
2021	Italy	191	0.044
2017	India	190	0.078
2019	Canada	186	0.033
2019	China	181	0.032
2020	Brazil	175	0.037
2019	Brazil	173	0.031
2020	United Kingdom	164	0.034
2019	Spain	155	0.028
2022	Canada	150	0.022
2016	United Kingdom	141	0.099
2022	Iran	141	0.021
2022	Ethiopia	136	0.020
2022	Brazil	135	0.020
2019	Australia	127	0.023
2017	Brazil	125	0.051
2017	China	125	0.051
2022	France	125	0.018
2022	Turkey	123	0.018
2021	China (Mainland)	121	0.028
2022	Spain	119	0.018
2019	Russia	115	0.021
2021	Brazil	115	0.026
2017	Australia	113	0.046
2020	Canada	112	0.023
2022	Australia	110	0.016
2019	Iran	105	0.019
2020	Russia	105	0.022
2020	Nigeria	102	0.021
2017	United Kingdom	100	0.041
2019	France	100	0.018
2019	Japan	100	0.018
2019	Egypt	99	0.018
2021	Australia	97	0.022
2020	Spain	96	0.020
2021	Spain	96	0.022
2022	Nigeria	95	0.014
2016	India	92	0.064
2019	Netherlands	92	0.016
2019	Mexico	91	0.016
2018	India	90	0.077
2021	Canada	90	0.021
2022	Egypt	89	0.013
2017	Canada	85	0.035
2019	Pakistan	85	0.015
2019	Nigeria	84	0.015
2019	Turkey	83	0.015
2016	Germany	82	0.057
2017	Spain	81	0.033
2020	Australia	80	0.017
2018	United Kingdom	78	0.066
2022	Mexico	77	0.011
2019	Portugal	76	0.014
2020	Mexico	76	0.016
2019	Sweden	73	0.013
2020	Netherlands	73	0.015
2021	Nigeria	71	0.016
2022	Pakistan	71	0.010
2017	Germany	70	0.029
2019	Poland	69	0.012
2020	Indonesia	69	0.014
2022	Poland	67	0.010
2021	Mexico	66	0.015
2020	Egypt	65	0.014
2020	Turkey	65	0.014
2021	Poland	65	0.015
2022	Austria	65	0.010
2022	Greece	64	0.009
2020	Ethiopia	62	0.013
2020	Pakistan	62	0.013
2022	Portugal	62	0.009
2017	Iran	61	0.025
2017	Mexico	61	0.025
2019	Israel	61	0.011
2019	Switzerland	61	0.011
2022	Switzerland	61	0.009
2016	Italy	60	0.042
2017	Russia	60	0.025
2021	Turkey	60	0.014
2022	Netherlands	60	0.009
2018	Germany	59	0.050
2021	Pakistan	59	0.013
2021	France	57	0.013
2020	France	55	0.011
2021	Russia	55	0.013
2019	Ethiopia	54	0.010
2020	Romania	54	0.011
2019	Austria	53	0.009
2021	Portugal	53	0.012
2016	Canada	52	0.036
2020	Poland	52	0.011
2021	Greece	52	0.012
2021	South Africa	52	0.012
2016	Brazil	51	0.036
2020	Argentina	51	0.011
2019	South Korea	50	0.009
2020	Portugal	50	0.010
2022	Sweden	50	0.007
2018	Italy	49	0.042
2019	Greece	48	0.009
2018	Spain	46	0.039
2020	Malaysia	46	0.010
2022	Korea South)	46	0.007
2016	China	45	0.031
2020	Greece	45	0.009
2020	Switzerland	44	0.009
2018	Brazil	43	0.037
2021	Ethiopia	43	0.010
2021	Malaysia	43	0.010
2016	Spain	42	0.029
2019	Malaysia	42	0.008
2019	Romania	42	0.008
2021	Egypt	42	0.010
2021	Netherlands	42	0.010
2022	Israel	42	0.006
2016	Japan	41	0.029
2019	Argentina	41	0.007
2019	South Africa	41	0.007
2022	Romania	41	0.006
2022	South Africa	41	0.006
2018	Canada	40	0.034
2020	South Africa	40	0.008
2019	Norway	39	0.007
2021	Switzerland	39	0.009
2016	Australia	38	0.027
2017	Argentina	38	0.016
2020	Sweden	38	0.008
2021	Romania	38	0.009
2018	Australia	37	0.031
2022	Argentina	37	0.005
2016	France	36	0.025
2019	Colombia	36	0.006
2019	Denmark	36	0.006
2019	Indonesia	36	0.006
2020	Norway	36	0.008
2022	Denmark	36	0.005
2019	Belgium	35	0.006
2021	Sweden	35	0.008
2022	Norway	35	0.005
2019	Czech Republic	34	0.006
2020	Austria	34	0.007
2021	Argentina	34	0.008
2021	Indonesia	34	0.008
2017	Italy	33	0.014
2017	South Korea	33	0.014
2019	Hungary	33	0.006
2020	Iran	33	0.007
2017	Japan	32	0.013
2021	Austria	32	0.007
2022	Indonesia	32	0.005
2017	Malaysia	31	0.013
2017	Netherlands	31	0.013
2022	New Zealand	31	0.005
2017	Israel	30	0.012
2019	Iraq	30	0.005
2019	Ukraine	30	0.005
2020	Colombia	30	0.006
2020	Taiwan	30	0.006
2022	Bangladesh	30	0.004
2019	Chile	29	0.005
2021	Czech Republic	29	0.007
2021	Korea South)	29	0.007
2021	Norway	29	0.007
2017	Turkey	28	0.011
2018	China	28	0.024
2018	Mexico	28	0.024
2021	Iran	28	0.006
2022	Iraq	28	0.004
2017	Portugal	27	0.011
2019	Croatia	27	0.005
2019	Saudi Arabia	27	0.005
2019	Serbia	27	0.005
2020	Chile	27	0.006
2022	Ukraine	27	0.004
2017	Greece	26	0.011
2019	Finland	26	0.005
2019	New Zealand	26	0.005
2019	Thailand	26	0.005
2020	Saudi Arabia	26	0.005
2021	New Zealand	26	0.006
2022	Belgium	26	0.004
2022	Malaysia	26	0.004
2017	Nigeria	25	0.010
2020	Belgium	25	0.005
2021	Denmark	25	0.006
2021	Taiwan	25	0.006
2022	Colombia	25	0.004
2022	Finland	25	0.004
2022	Morocco	25	0.004
2017	South Africa	24	0.010
2020	Bangladesh	24	0.005
2022	Czech Republic	24	0.004
2016	Netherlands	23	0.016
2016	Switzerland	23	0.016
2019	Bangladesh	23	0.004
2021	Belgium	23	0.005
2021	Colombia	23	0.005
2021	Israel	23	0.005
2022	Algeria	23	0.003
2017	Sweden	22	0.009
2018	Sweden	22	0.019
2019	Taiwan	22	0.004
2020	Ireland	22	0.005
2020	Israel	22	0.005
2020	Ukraine	22	0.005
2021	Croatia	22	0.005
2022	Croatia	22	0.003
2017	Taiwan	21	0.009
2018	France	21	0.018
2018	Iran	21	0.018
2021	Bangladesh	21	0.005
2021	Ukraine	21	0.005
2022	Hungary	21	0.003
2022	Saudi Arabia	21	0.003
2017	Egypt	20	0.008
2020	Hungary	20	0.004
2020	Korea South)	20	0.004
2022	Kenya	20	0.003
2022	Singapore	20	0.003
2018	Japan	19	0.016
2019	Algeria	19	0.003
2020	Nepal	19	0.004
2020	Peru	19	0.004
2020	Serbia	19	0.004
2022	Bulgaria	19	0.003
2022	Sri Lanka	19	0.003
2016	Portugal	18	0.013
2016	Sweden	18	0.013
2017	Ethiopia	18	0.007
2017	France	18	0.007
2017	New Zealand	18	0.007
2017	Pakistan	18	0.007
2018	Netherlands	18	0.015
2019	Ireland	18	0.003
2020	Czech Republic	18	0.004
2020	Iraq	18	0.004
2021	Chile	18	0.004
2021	Ireland	18	0.004
2022	Tunisia	18	0.003
2016	Mexico	17	0.012
2016	South Korea	17	0.012
2018	Portugal	17	0.014
2018	Turkey	17	0.014
2020	Thailand	17	0.004
2021	Ghana	17	0.004
2021	Philippines	17	0.004
2022	Chile	17	0.003
2022	Slovakia	17	0.003
2016	Iran	16	0.011
2017	Bangladesh	16	0.007
2017	Finland	16	0.007
2018	Austria	16	0.014
2019	Bulgaria	16	0.003
2019	Slovenia	16	0.003
2020	Algeria	16	0.003
2020	Croatia	16	0.003
2021	Hong Kong	16	0.004
2021	Vietnam	16	0.004
2018	New Zealand	15	0.013
2019	Jordan	15	0.003
2019	Peru	15	0.003
2019	Philippines	15	0.003
2020	Ghana	15	0.003
2020	Kenya	15	0.003
2020	Philippines	15	0.003
2020	Singapore	15	0.003
2021	Bulgaria	15	0.003
2021	Hungary	15	0.003
2021	Iraq	15	0.003
2021	Peru	15	0.003
2021	Saudi Arabia	15	0.003
2022	Philippines	15	0.002
2022	Vietnam	15	0.002
2016	Greece	14	0.010
2017	Singapore	14	0.006
2017	Thailand	14	0.006
2020	Ecuador	14	0.003
2020	New Zealand	14	0.003
2021	Sri Lanka	14	0.003
2022	Serbia	14	0.002
2022	Taiwan	14	0.002
2016	Belgium	13	0.009
2016	Poland	13	0.009
2017	Belgium	13	0.005
2017	Philippines	13	0.005
2017	Poland	13	0.005
2018	South Africa	13	0.011
2019	Ecuador	13	0.002
2019	Ghana	13	0.002
2019	Kenya	13	0.002
2020	Sri Lanka	13	0.003
2020	United Arab Emirates	13	0.003
2021	Nepal	13	0.003
2021	Singapore	13	0.003
2022	Cameroon	13	0.002
2022	Russia	13	0.002
2022	Thailand	13	0.002
2022	Uruguay	13	0.002
2016	New Zealand	12	0.008
2016	Norway	12	0.008
2017	Colombia	12	0.005
2017	Indonesia	12	0.005
2017	Romania	12	0.005
2018	Argentina	12	0.010
2018	Greece	12	0.010
2018	Romania	12	0.010
2018	Switzerland	12	0.010
2019	Venezuela	12	0.002
2020	Denmark	12	0.003
2021	Kenya	12	0.003
2021	Serbia	12	0.003
2022	Jordan	12	0.002
2016	Russia	11	0.008
2017	Denmark	11	0.005
2017	Ukraine	11	0.005
2018	Nigeria	11	0.009
2018	Russia	11	0.009
2019	Estonia	11	0.002
2019	Uruguay	11	0.002
2019	Vietnam	11	0.002
2020	Finland	11	0.002
2020	Morocco	11	0.002
2021	Ecuador	11	0.003
2021	Slovakia	11	0.003
2021	Thailand	11	0.003
2021	United Arab Emirates	11	0.003
2022	Ireland	11	0.002
2022	United Arab Emirates	11	0.002
2022	Venezuela	11	0.002
2016	Denmark	10	0.007
2017	Morocco	10	0.004
2017	Norway	10	0.004
2018	Thailand	10	0.009
2019	Tunisia	10	0.002
2019	United Arab Emirates	10	0.002
2020	Slovenia	10	0.002
2021	Morocco	10	0.002
2021	Tanzania	10	0.002
2022	Slovenia	10	0.001
2016	Ireland	9	0.006
2016	Israel	9	0.006
2016	Pakistan	9	0.006
2016	Turkey	9	0.006
2017	Switzerland	9	0.004
2018	Pakistan	9	0.008
2018	Ukraine	9	0.008
2019	Albania	9	0.002
2019	Cameroon	9	0.002
2019	Morocco	9	0.002
2019	Palestine	9	0.002
2019	Singapore	9	0.002
2019	Slovakia	9	0.002
2019	Sri Lanka	9	0.002
2020	Bulgaria	9	0.002
2020	Uganda	9	0.002
2020	Zambia	9	0.002
2021	Estonia	9	0.002
2021	Finland	9	0.002
2021	Slovenia	9	0.002
2021	Tunisia	9	0.002
2022	Ecuador	9	0.001
2022	Nepal	9	0.001
2022	Peru	9	0.001
2022	Uganda	9	0.001
2016	Czech Republic	8	0.006
2017	Algeria	8	0.003
2017	Austria	8	0.003
2017	Chile	8	0.003
2018	Colombia	8	0.007
2018	Egypt	8	0.007
2018	Slovenia	8	0.007
2019	Belarus	8	0.001
2019	Costa Rica	8	0.001
2019	Nepal	8	0.001
2019	Sudan	8	0.001
2020	Cameroon	8	0.002
2020	Hong Kong	8	0.002
2020	Venezuela	8	0.002
2020	Vietnam	8	0.002
2021	Lebanon	8	0.002
2022	Ghana	8	0.001
2022	Lebanon	8	0.001
2016	Argentina	7	0.005
2016	Singapore	7	0.005
2016	South Africa	7	0.005
2016	Taiwan	7	0.005
2017	Bulgaria	7	0.003
2017	Croatia	7	0.003
2017	Czech Republic	7	0.003
2017	Kenya	7	0.003
2017	Nepal	7	0.003
2017	Sri Lanka	7	0.003
2017	Tunisia	7	0.003
2018	Indonesia	7	0.006
2018	Poland	7	0.006
2019	Lithuania	7	0.001
2019	Macedonia	7	0.001
2019	Uganda	7	0.001
2020	Costa Rica	7	0.001
2020	Jordan	7	0.001
2020	Slovakia	7	0.001
2020	Tunisia	7	0.001
2021	Cameroon	7	0.002
2021	Uganda	7	0.002
2022	Costa Rica	7	0.001
2022	Estonia	7	0.001
2022	Hong Kong	7	0.001
2022	Luxembourg	7	0.001
2016	Austria	6	0.004
2016	Colombia	6	0.004
2017	Hong Kong	6	0.002
2017	Ireland	6	0.002
2017	Jordan	6	0.002
2017	Peru	6	0.002
2017	Saudi Arabia	6	0.002
2017	Venezuela	6	0.002
2018	Israel	6	0.005
2018	South Korea	6	0.005
2019	Hong Kong	6	0.001
2020	Puerto Rico	6	0.001
2020	Sudan	6	0.001
2020	Uzbekistan	6	0.001
2021	Algeria	6	0.001
2021	North Macedonia	6	0.001
2022	Armenia	6	0.001
2022	Ivory Coast	6	0.001
2022	Kazakhstan	6	0.001
2016	Malaysia	5	0.003
2016	Romania	5	0.003
2016	Saudi Arabia	5	0.003
2017	Cameroon	5	0.002
2017	Serbia	5	0.002
2017	Slovakia	5	0.002
2017	Uganda	5	0.002
2018	Algeria	5	0.004
2018	Belgium	5	0.004
2018	Denmark	5	0.004
2018	Jordan	5	0.004
2018	Malaysia	5	0.004
2019	Cyprus	5	0.001
2019	Lebanon	5	0.001
2019	Luxembourg	5	0.001
2020	Albania	5	0.001
2020	Estonia	5	0.001
2020	Kazakhstan	5	0.001
2020	Tanzania	5	0.001
2021	Oman	5	0.001
2021	Uzbekistan	5	0.001
2022	Albania	5	0.001
2022	Bahrain	5	0.001
2022	Malawi	5	0.001
2022	Qatar	5	0.001
2022	Tanzania	5	0.001
2016	Indonesia	4	0.003
2016	Nigeria	4	0.003
2016	Peru	4	0.003
2017	Hungary	4	0.002
2017	Tanzania	4	0.002
2017	Vietnam	4	0.002
2018	Bangladesh	4	0.003
2018	Czech Republic	4	0.003
2018	Iraq	4	0.003
2018	Singapore	4	0.003
2018	United Arab Emirates	4	0.003
2018	Venezuela	4	0.003
2019	Armenia	4	0.001
2019	Burma	4	0.001
2019	Georgia	4	0.001
2019	Kazakhstan	4	0.001
2019	Libya	4	0.001
2019	Oman	4	0.001
2019	Tanzania	4	0.001
2019	Vatican City	4	0.001
2019	Yemen	4	0.001
2020	Belarus	4	0.001
2020	Kuwait	4	0.001
2020	Latvia	4	0.001
2020	Lebanon	4	0.001
2020	Lithuania	4	0.001
2020	Trinidad and Tobago	4	0.001
2021	Albania	4	0.001
2021	Bosnia and Herzegovina	4	0.001
2021	Lithuania	4	0.001
2021	Macao	4	0.001
2021	Myanmar	4	0.001
2021	Venezuela	4	0.001
2022	Afghanistan	4	0.001
2022	Bosnia and Herzegovina	4	0.001
2022	Congo ( Democratic Republic)	4	0.001
2022	Iceland	4	0.001
2022	Kosovo	4	0.001
2022	Latvia	4	0.001
2022	Lithuania	4	0.001
2022	Madagascar	4	0.001
2022	North Macedonia	4	0.001
2022	Palestinian territories	4	0.001
2022	Puerto Rico	4	0.001
2022	Sudan	4	0.001
2022	Zambia	4	0.001
2016	Bulgaria	3	0.002
2016	Chile	3	0.002
2016	Croatia	3	0.002
2016	Finland	3	0.002
2016	Kenya	3	0.002
2016	Slovakia	3	0.002
2016	Uruguay	3	0.002
2016	Venezuela	3	0.002
2016	Vietnam	3	0.002
2017	Cuba	3	0.001
2017	Iraq	3	0.001
2017	Qatar	3	0.001
2017	Zambia	3	0.001
2018	Costa Rica	3	0.003
2018	Hungary	3	0.003
2018	Ireland	3	0.003
2018	Lithuania	3	0.003
2018	Saudi Arabia	3	0.003
2018	Taiwan	3	0.003
2019	Afghanistan	3	0.001
2019	Latvia	3	0.001
2019	Lesotho	3	0.001
2019	Zambia	3	0.001
2019	Zimbabwe	3	0.001
2020	Guatemala	3	0.001
2020	Kyrgyzstan	3	0.001
2020	Luxembourg	3	0.001
2020	Mauritius	3	0.001
2020	Montenegro	3	0.001
2020	North Macedonia	3	0.001
2020	Panama	3	0.001
2020	Papua New Guinea	3	0.001
2020	Qatar	3	0.001
2020	Rwanda	3	0.001
2020	Uruguay	3	0.001
2020	Yemen	3	0.001
2021	Afghanistan	3	0.001
2021	Armenia	3	0.001
2021	Cambodia	3	0.001
2021	Iceland	3	0.001
2021	Kazakhstan	3	0.001
2021	Kyrgyzstan	3	0.001
2021	Latvia	3	0.001
2021	Luxembourg	3	0.001
2021	Malta	3	0.001
2021	Rwanda	3	0.001
2021	Sudan	3	0.001
2021	Yemen	3	0.001
2021	Zambia	3	0.001
2022	Azerbaijan	3	0.000
2022	Botswana	3	0.000
2022	Cyprus	3	0.000
2022	Senegal	3	0.000
2022	Uzbekistan	3	0.000
2022	Yemen	3	0.000
2016	Andorra	2	0.001
2016	Bangladesh	2	0.001
2016	Costa Rica	2	0.001
2016	Egypt	2	0.001
2016	El Salvador	2	0.001
2016	Hungary	2	0.001
2016	Iraq	2	0.001
2016	Jordan	2	0.001
2016	Lebanon	2	0.001
2016	Lithuania	2	0.001
2016	Qatar	2	0.001
2016	Thailand	2	0.001
2016	Ukraine	2	0.001
2016	United Arab Emirates	2	0.001
2017	Albania	2	0.001
2017	Armenia	2	0.001
2017	Belarus	2	0.001
2017	Bermuda	2	0.001
2017	Bolivia	2	0.001
2017	Burma	2	0.001
2017	Cambodia	2	0.001
2017	Costa Rica	2	0.001
2017	Cyprus	2	0.001
2017	Ecuador	2	0.001
2017	Estonia	2	0.001
2017	Ghana	2	0.001
2017	Lebanon	2	0.001
2017	Namibia	2	0.001
2017	Panama	2	0.001
2017	Syria	2	0.001
2017	Trinidad and Tobago	2	0.001
2017	United Arab Emirates	2	0.001
2018	Bulgaria	2	0.002
2018	Cameroon	2	0.002
2018	Ethiopia	2	0.002
2018	Finland	2	0.002
2018	Latvia	2	0.002
2018	Malawi	2	0.002
2018	Morocco	2	0.002
2018	Nicaragua	2	0.002
2018	Norway	2	0.002
2018	Slovakia	2	0.002
2018	Trinidad and Tobago	2	0.002
2018	Uruguay	2	0.002
2019	Andorra	2	0.000
2019	Antigua and Barbuda	2	0.000
2019	Bolivia	2	0.000
2019	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2	0.000
2019	Burkina Faso	2	0.000
2019	Cambodia	2	0.000
2019	Cote d’Ivoire	2	0.000
2019	Guatemala	2	0.000
2019	Iceland	2	0.000
2019	Jamaica	2	0.000
2019	Kuwait	2	0.000
2019	Malawi	2	0.000
2019	Mali	2	0.000
2019	Mauritius	2	0.000
2019	Moldova	2	0.000
2019	Mongolia	2	0.000
2019	Qatar	2	0.000
2019	Syria	2	0.000
2019	United States Virgin Islands	2	0.000
2020	Afghanistan	2	0.000
2020	Antarctica	2	0.000
2020	Bosnia and Herzegovina	2	0.000
2020	Cambodia	2	0.000
2020	Fiji	2	0.000
2020	Gabon	2	0.000
2020	Georgia	2	0.000
2020	Iceland	2	0.000
2020	Ivory Coast	2	0.000
2020	Macao	2	0.000
2020	Mali	2	0.000
2020	Malta	2	0.000
2020	Moldova	2	0.000
2020	Mongolia	2	0.000
2020	Oman	2	0.000
2020	Palestinian territories	2	0.000
2020	Senegal	2	0.000
2020	Sierra Leone	2	0.000
2020	Zimbabwe	2	0.000
2021	Bahrain	2	0.000
2021	Belarus	2	0.000
2021	Bolivia	2	0.000
2021	Brunei	2	0.000
2021	Costa Rica	2	0.000
2021	Cuba	2	0.000
2021	Cyprus	2	0.000
2021	Guadeloupe	2	0.000
2021	Jordan	2	0.000
2021	Malawi	2	0.000
2021	Mauritius	2	0.000
2021	Palestinian territories	2	0.000
2021	Qatar	2	0.000
2021	Trinidad and Tobago	2	0.000
2021	Uruguay	2	0.000
2021	Zimbabwe	2	0.000
2022	American Samoa	2	0.000
2022	Bahamas	2	0.000
2022	Bhutan	2	0.000
2022	Bolivia	2	0.000
2022	Cuba	2	0.000
2022	Dominican Republic	2	0.000
2022	Guatemala	2	0.000
2022	Jamaica	2	0.000
2022	Kuwait	2	0.000
2022	Libya	2	0.000
2022	Mauritius	2	0.000
2022	Namibia	2	0.000
2022	Oman	2	0.000
2022	Papua New Guinea	2	0.000
2022	Paraguay	2	0.000
2016	Albania	1	0.001
2016	Algeria	1	0.001
2016	Anguilla	1	0.001
2016	Belarus	1	0.001
2016	Cameroon	1	0.001
2016	Ecuador	1	0.001
2016	Estonia	1	0.001
2016	Falkland Islands	1	0.001
2016	Ghana	1	0.001
2016	Guatemala	1	0.001
2016	Guyana	1	0.001
2016	Hong Kong	1	0.001
2016	Iceland	1	0.001
2016	Kazakhstan	1	0.001
2016	Latvia	1	0.001
2016	Moldova	1	0.001
2016	Nepal	1	0.001
2016	Nicaragua	1	0.001
2016	Paraguay	1	0.001
2016	Serbia	1	0.001
2016	Slovenia	1	0.001
2016	Sri Lanka	1	0.001
2016	Tunisia	1	0.001
2016	Vanuatu	1	0.001
2017	Andorra	1	0.000
2017	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1	0.000
2017	Botswana	1	0.000
2017	Burkina Faso	1	0.000
2017	Cape Verde	1	0.000
2017	Chad	1	0.000
2017	Congo, Democratic Republic of	1	0.000
2017	Guadeloupe	1	0.000
2017	Iceland	1	0.000
2017	Jamaica	1	0.000
2017	Lesotho	1	0.000
2017	Lithuania	1	0.000
2017	Malawi	1	0.000
2017	Mali	1	0.000
2017	Malta	1	0.000
2017	Martinique	1	0.000
2017	Navassa Island	1	0.000
2017	Oman	1	0.000
2017	Papua New Guinea	1	0.000
2017	Saint Lucia	1	0.000
2017	Samoa	1	0.000
2017	Slovenia	1	0.000
2017	Swaziland	1	0.000
2017	Turks and Caicos Islands	1	0.000
2017	Uruguay	1	0.000
2017	Uzbekistan	1	0.000
2017	Zimbabwe	1	0.000
2018	Albania	1	0.001
2018	Andorra	1	0.001
2018	Anguilla	1	0.001
2018	Bahrain	1	0.001
2018	Benin	1	0.001
2018	Bosnia and Herzegovina	1	0.001
2018	Burma	1	0.001
2018	Chile	1	0.001
2018	Congo, Republic of	1	0.001
2018	Croatia	1	0.001
2018	Cyprus	1	0.001
2018	Ecuador	1	0.001
2018	Estonia	1	0.001
2018	French Polynesia	1	0.001
2018	Georgia	1	0.001
2018	Ghana	1	0.001
2018	Haiti	1	0.001
2018	Hong Kong	1	0.001
2018	Kazakhstan	1	0.001
2018	Kenya	1	0.001
2018	Kuwait	1	0.001
2018	Lebanon	1	0.001
2018	Libya	1	0.001
2018	Mali	1	0.001
2018	Malta	1	0.001
2018	Mauritius	1	0.001
2018	New Caledonia	1	0.001
2018	Peru	1	0.001
2018	Philippines	1	0.001
2018	Qatar	1	0.001
2018	Serbia	1	0.001
2018	Sri Lanka	1	0.001
2018	Sudan	1	0.001
2018	Syria	1	0.001
2018	Tanzania	1	0.001
2018	Vatican City	1	0.001
2018	Vietnam	1	0.001
2018	Yemen	1	0.001
2019	Azerbaijan	1	0.000
2019	Bahrain	1	0.000
2019	Barbados	1	0.000
2019	Belize	1	0.000
2019	Benin	1	0.000
2019	Brunei	1	0.000
2019	Burundi	1	0.000
2019	Congo, Democratic Republic of	1	0.000
2019	Cuba	1	0.000
2019	Dominican Republic	1	0.000
2019	El Salvador	1	0.000
2019	Falkland Islands	1	0.000
2019	Guam/Saipan	1	0.000
2019	Honduras	1	0.000
2019	Kyrgyzstan	1	0.000
2019	Laos	1	0.000
2019	Liberia	1	0.000
2019	Montenegro	1	0.000
2019	Mozambique	1	0.000
2019	Niue	1	0.000
2019	Panama	1	0.000
2019	Paraguay	1	0.000
2019	Rwanda	1	0.000
2019	Saint Kitts and Nevis	1	0.000
2019	Saint Vincent and the Grenadines	1	0.000
2019	Senegal	1	0.000
2019	Somalia	1	0.000
2019	Tajikistan	1	0.000
2019	Trinidad and Tobago	1	0.000
2019	Uzbekistan	1	0.000
2019	Wallis Futuna	1	0.000
2020	Azerbaijan	1	0.000
2020	Benin	1	0.000
2020	Botswana	1	0.000
2020	Cape Verde	1	0.000
2020	Central African Republic	1	0.000
2020	Congo ( Republic)	1	0.000
2020	Cuba	1	0.000
2020	Djibouti	1	0.000
2020	Eswatini	1	0.000
2020	Guinea	1	0.000
2020	Lesotho	1	0.000
2020	Malawi	1	0.000
2020	Maldives	1	0.000
2020	Myanmar	1	0.000
2020	Nicaragua	1	0.000
2020	Northern Mariana Islands	1	0.000
2020	South Sudan	1	0.000
2020	Syria	1	0.000
2021	Åland Islands	1	0.000
2021	Andorra	1	0.000
2021	Antigua and Barbuda	1	0.000
2021	Azerbaijan	1	0.000
2021	Bermuda	1	0.000
2021	Botswana	1	0.000
2021	Cape Verde	1	0.000
2021	Gambia	1	0.000
2021	Guam	1	0.000
2021	Guatemala	1	0.000
2021	Guinea	1	0.000
2021	Guyana	1	0.000
2021	Haiti	1	0.000
2021	Ivory Coast	1	0.000
2021	Jamaica	1	0.000
2021	Kosovo	1	0.000
2021	Lesotho	1	0.000
2021	Madagascar	1	0.000
2021	Montenegro	1	0.000
2021	Mozambique	1	0.000
2021	Nicaragua	1	0.000
2021	Northern Mariana Islands	1	0.000
2021	Paraguay	1	0.000
2021	Saint Kitts and Nevis	1	0.000
2021	Suriname	1	0.000
2022	Åland Islands	1	0.000
2022	Andorra	1	0.000
2022	Angola	1	0.000
2022	Barbados	1	0.000
2022	Belarus	1	0.000
2022	Bonaire, Sint Eustatius and Saba	1	0.000
2022	Burkina Faso	1	0.000
2022	Central African Republic	1	0.000
2022	El Salvador	1	0.000
2022	Eritrea	1	0.000
2022	Gabon	1	0.000
2022	Gambia	1	0.000
2022	Georgia	1	0.000
2022	Greenland	1	0.000
2022	Haiti	1	0.000
2022	Lesotho	1	0.000
2022	Macao	1	0.000
2022	Mali	1	0.000
2022	Martinique	1	0.000
2022	Moldova	1	0.000
2022	Mongolia	1	0.000
2022	Mozambique	1	0.000
2022	Nicaragua	1	0.000
2022	Syria	1	0.000
2022	United States Minor Outlying Islands	1	0.000
2022	Virgin Islands (U.S.)	1	0.000
2022	Zimbabwe	1	0.000

Q2.9_1 Which continent are you located in?

Survey	Q2.9_1	n	Pct
2022	Asia (including Middle East)	2665	0.392
2019	Europe	2175	0.391
2022	Europe	2164	0.318
2020	Asia (including Middle East)	1591	0.332
2020	Europe	1582	0.331
2021	Europe	1562	0.357
2021	Asia (including Middle East)	1332	0.305
2019	Asia (including Middle East)	1311	0.236
2019	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	1082	0.195
2022	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	898	0.132
2021	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	743	0.170
2020	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	696	0.145
2017	Europe	682	0.280
2017	Asia (including Middle East)	634	0.260
2016	Europe	589	0.412
2017	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	573	0.235
2022	Africa	531	0.078
2018	Europe	461	0.393
2019	South America	437	0.079
2020	South America	415	0.087
2020	Africa	396	0.083
2016	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	395	0.276
2019	Africa	395	0.071
2022	South America	347	0.051
2021	Africa	310	0.071
2021	South America	297	0.068
2016	Asia (including Middle East)	270	0.189
2018	North America (including Central America and the Carribean)	266	0.227
2017	South America	265	0.109
2018	Asia (including Middle East)	236	0.201
2022	Australasia	193	0.028
2019	Australasia	156	0.028
2017	Africa	151	0.062
2017	Australasia	134	0.055
2021	Australasia	128	0.029
2018	South America	105	0.090
2016	South America	103	0.072
2020	Australasia	103	0.022
2018	Australasia	54	0.046
2016	Australasia	52	0.036
2018	Africa	51	0.043
2016	Africa	20	0.014
2020	Antarctica	2	0.000

Attitudes to Open Science

Q2.11 To what extent do you agree/disagree with the following statements?

Q2.11_1 Making research articles open access should be common scholarly practice

Survey	Q2.11_1	n	Pct
2022	Strongly agree	3991	0.654
2021	Strongly agree	3019	0.672
2022	Somewhat agree	1428	0.234
2021	Somewhat agree	916	0.204
2022	Neutral	374	0.061
2021	Neutral	351	0.078
2022	Somewhat disagree	180	0.029
2022	Strongly disagree	120	0.020
2021	Somewhat disagree	106	0.024
2021	Strongly disagree	99	0.022
2022	I am unaware of this practice	11	0.002

Q2.11_2 Making research data openly available should be common scholarly practice (2)

Survey	Q2.11_2	n	Pct
2022	Strongly agree	3127	0.512
2021	Strongly agree	2358	0.525
2022	Somewhat agree	1729	0.283
2021	Somewhat agree	1275	0.284
2022	Neutral	705	0.115
2021	Neutral	521	0.116
2022	Somewhat disagree	335	0.055
2021	Somewhat disagree	229	0.051
2022	Strongly disagree	188	0.031
2021	Strongly disagree	108	0.024
2022	I am unaware of this practice	20	0.003

Q2.11_3 Making peer review open should be common scholarly practice

Survey	Q2.11_3	n	Pct
2022	Strongly agree	2459	0.403
2022	Somewhat agree	1739	0.285
2022	Neutral / No opinion	968	0.159
2022	Somewhat disagree	493	0.081
2022	Strongly disagree	373	0.061
2022	I am unaware of this practice	72	0.012

Q2.11_4 Preprinting should be common scholarly practice

Survey	Q2.11_4	n	Pct
2022	Strongly agree	1848	0.303
2022	Somewhat agree	1701	0.279
2022	Neutral	1560	0.256
2022	Somewhat disagree	537	0.088
2022	Strongly disagree	332	0.054
2022	I am unaware of this practice	126	0.021

Awareness of Open Data principles

Q3.1_1 How familiar are you with the following data principles in relation to Open Data? FAIR data principles (i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable)

Survey	Q3.1_1	n	Pct
2019	I have never heard of the FAIR data principles before now	3089	0.542
2022	I have previously heard of the FAIR data principles but I am not familiar with them	2314	0.379
2022	I am familiar with the FAIR data principles	2148	0.352
2020	I have never heard of the FAIR data principles before now	1950	0.394
2020	I have previously heard of the FAIR data principles but I am not familiar with them	1789	0.362
2021	I have previously heard of the FAIR data principles but I am not familiar with them	1721	0.383
2022	I have never heard of the FAIR data principles before now	1642	0.269
2019	I have previously heard of the FAIR data principles but I am not familiar with them	1585	0.278
2021	I have never heard of the FAIR data principles before now	1515	0.337
2021	I am familiar with the FAIR data principles	1255	0.279
2020	I am familiar with the FAIR data principles	1206	0.244
2019	I am familiar with the FAIR data principles	1026	0.180
2018	I have never heard of the FAIR data principles before now	739	0.596
2018	I have previously heard of the FAIR data principles but I am not familiar with them	312	0.252
2018	I am familiar with the FAIR data principles	188	0.152

Q3.1_2 How familiar are you with the following data principles in relation to Open Data? CARE principles for Indigenous Data Governance (i.e. Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility and Ethics)

Survey	Q3.1_2	n	Pct
2022	I have never heard of the data principles before now	2601	0.426
2022	I have previously heard of the data principles but I am not familiar with them	2178	0.357
2022	I am familiar with the data principles	1325	0.217

Attitudes towards sharing data

Do you think researchers currently get sufficient credit for sharing data?

Survey	Q3.2	n	Pct
2019	No, they receive too little credit	3818	0.670
2022	No, they receive too little credit	3610	0.754
2020	No, they receive too little credit	2935	0.594
2021	No, they receive too little credit	2512	0.755
2020	I don’t know	1104	0.223
2019	I don’t know	993	0.174
2022	Yes	893	0.187
2018	No	753	0.580
2019	Yes	640	0.112
2020	Yes	633	0.128
2021	Yes	605	0.182
2018	Not sure	427	0.329
2022	No, they receive too much credit	283	0.059
2020	No, they receive too much credit	273	0.055
2019	No, they receive too much credit	249	0.044
2021	No, they receive too much credit	208	0.063
2018	Yes	119	0.092

Q3.3 What circumstances would motivate you to share your data?

Survey	Q3.3	n	Pct
2017	Getting proper credit for sharing data	776	0.101
2018	Getting proper credit for sharing data	621	0.115
2019	Getting proper credit for sharing data	3091	0.118
2020	Full data citation	3348	0.105
2021	Full data citation	2189	0.086
2022	Full data citation	3284	0.081
2021	Citation of my research papers	2751	0.109
2022	Citation of my research papers	4118	0.102
2020	Co-authorship on papers	2957	0.093
2021	Co-authorship on papers	1928	0.076
2022	Co-authorship on papers	2613	0.064
2020	Financial reward	1522	0.048
2021	Financial reward	828	0.033
2022	Financial reward	1403	0.035
2021	Open data badge	641	0.025
2022	Open data badge	1180	0.029
2020	Consideration in job reviews and funding applications	1913	0.060
2021	Consideration in job reviews and funding applications	1073	0.042
2022	Consideration in job reviews and funding applications	2134	0.053
2017	Funder requirement	689	0.090
2018	Funder requirement	453	0.084
2019	Funder requirement	2693	0.102
2020	Funder requirement	2524	0.079
2021	Funder requirement	1653	0.065
2022	Funder requirement	2849	0.070
2017	Journal or Publisher requirement	913	0.119
2018	Journal or Publisher requirement	599	0.111
2019	Journal or Publisher requirement	2931	0.111
2020	Journal or Publisher requirement	2915	0.091
2021	Journal or Publisher requirement	2111	0.083
2022	Journal or Publisher requirement	3419	0.084
2017	Institution or Organisation requirement	695	0.091
2018	Institution or Organisation requirement	522	0.097
2019	Institution or Organisation requirement	2527	0.096
2020	Institution or Organisation requirement	2222	0.070
2021	Institution or Organisation requirement	1670	0.066
2022	Institution or Organisation requirement	2974	0.073
2017	Public benefit	1199	0.157
2018	Public benefit	802	0.148
2019	Public benefit	3431	0.130
2020	Public benefit	2947	0.092
2021	Public benefit	2056	0.081
2022	Public benefit	3447	0.085
2017	Increased impact and visibility of my research	1272	0.166
2018	Increased impact and visibility of my research	841	0.156
2019	Increased impact and visibility of my research	3565	0.136
2020	Increased impact and visibility of my research	3126	0.098
2021	Increased impact and visibility of my research	2406	0.095
2022	Increased impact and visibility of my research	3712	0.091
2017	Transparency and re-use	880	0.115
2018	Transparency and re-use	652	0.121
2019	Transparency and re-use	2743	0.104
2020	Transparency and re-use	2616	0.082
2021	Transparency and re-use	1932	0.076
2022	Transparency and re-use	3200	0.079
2017	Freedom of information request	514	0.067
2018	Freedom of information request	352	0.065
2019	Freedom of information request	1750	0.067
2020	Freedom of information request	1577	0.049
2021	Freedom of information request	975	0.039
2022	Freedom of information request	1546	0.038
2020	Direct request from another research	1830	0.057
2021	Direct request from another research	1270	0.050
2022	Direct request from another research	1863	0.046
2017	It was made simple and easy to do	569	0.074
2018	It was made simple and easy to do	485	0.090
2019	It was made simple and easy to do	2055	0.078
2020	It was made simple and easy to do	1357	0.043
2021	It was made simple and easy to do	1048	0.041
2022	It was made simple and easy to do	1514	0.037
2019	It was a field/industry expectation	1240	0.047
2020	It was a field/industry expectation	884	0.028
2021	It was a field/industry expectation	601	0.024
2022	It was a field/industry expectation	1007	0.025
2017	Other (please specify)	107	0.014
2018	Other (please specify)	63	0.012
2019	Other (please specify)	188	0.007
2020	Other (please specify)	111	0.003
2021	Other (please specify)	119	0.005
2022	Other (please specify)	148	0.004
2017	I would never share my data	47	0.006
2018	I would never share my data	17	0.003
2019	I would never share my data	84	0.003
2020	I would never share my data	58	0.002
2021	I would never share my data	60	0.002
2022	I would never share my data	158	0.004

Q3.4 Which one of the circumstances would motivate you the most to share your data?

Survey	Q3.4	n	Pct
2022	Citation of my research papers	1200	0.202
2019	Increased impact and visibility of my research	1110	0.195
2019	Public benefit	1035	0.182
2020	Co-authorship on papers	1023	0.209
2021	Citation of my research papers	870	0.194
2020	Full data citation	853	0.175
2022	Co-authorship on papers	729	0.123
2022	Public benefit	717	0.121
2019	Getting proper credit for sharing data	671	0.118
2021	Co-authorship on papers	647	0.144
2022	Increased impact and visibility of my research	635	0.107
2020	Public benefit	634	0.130
2022	Full data citation	627	0.105
2020	Increased impact and visibility of my research	618	0.126
2019	Journal/publisher requirement	529	0.093
2021	Increased impact and visibility of my research	504	0.112
2021	Public benefit	487	0.108
2021	Full data citation	446	0.099
2019	Transparency and re-use	427	0.075
2019	Funder requirement	422	0.074
2019	Trust the person requesting the data	410	0.072
2017	Increased impact and visibility of my research	385	0.239
2017	Public benefit	344	0.213
2022	Journal/Publisher requirement	334	0.056
2019	It was made simple and easy to do so	324	0.057
2022	Greater transparency and reuse	315	0.053
2019	Institution/organisation requirement	307	0.054
2020	Journal/publisher requirement	303	0.062
2022	Financial reward	282	0.047
2018	Increased impact and visibility of my research	266	0.230
2020	Greater transparency and reuse	258	0.053
2020	Financial reward	257	0.053
2022	Funder requirement	252	0.042
2021	Greater transparency and reuse	250	0.056
2021	Journal/Publisher requirement	248	0.055
2018	Public benefit	238	0.205
2020	Funder requirement	230	0.047
2022	Consideration in job reviews and funding applications	226	0.038
2020	Consideration in job reviews and funding applications	193	0.039
2019	Freedom of information request	185	0.032
2021	Funder requirement	178	0.040
2022	Institution/Organisation requirement	175	0.029
2017	Transparency and re-use	170	0.105
2020	Institution/organisation requirement	160	0.033
2021	Financial reward	141	0.031
2018	Transparency and re-use	136	0.117
2017	Journal/publisher requirement	134	0.083
2021	Direct request from another research	133	0.030
2022	Direct request from another research	133	0.022
2017	Getting proper credit for sharing data	123	0.076
2018	Journal/publisher requirement	118	0.102
2019	It was a field/industry expectation	117	0.021
2017	Funder requirement	115	0.071
2021	Consideration in job reviews and funding applications	114	0.025
2017	Trust the person requesting my data	113	0.070
2020	Direct request from other researcher	106	0.022
2021	Institution/Organisation requirement	104	0.023
2022	It was made simple and easy to do	103	0.017
2021	It was made simple and easy to do	99	0.022
2020	It was made simple and easy to do	97	0.020
2018	Getting proper credit for sharing data	94	0.081
2019	I would never share my data	84	0.015
2017	It was made easy and simple to do so	83	0.051
2019	Other (please specify)	79	0.014
2021	Other (please specify)	79	0.018
2018	Trust the person requesting my data	76	0.066
2017	Institution/organisation requirement	70	0.043
2018	Funder requirement	69	0.060
2020	Freedom of information request	63	0.013
2021	Freedom of information request	62	0.014
2020	Other (please specify)	60	0.012
2021	I would never share my data	60	0.013
2022	Open data badge	60	0.010
2022	Freedom of information request	58	0.010
2018	It was made easy and simple to do so	57	0.049
2018	Institution/organization requirement	55	0.047
2022	It was a field/industry expectation	55	0.009
2017	Freedom of information request	45	0.028
2022	Other (please specify)	45	0.008
2021	It was a field/industry expectation	36	0.008
2021	Open data badge	33	0.007
2020	It was a field/industry expectation	32	0.007
2017	Other (please specify)	30	0.019
2018	Freedom of information request	28	0.024
2018	Other (please specify)	22	0.019

Q3.5 What problems/concerns, if any, do you have with sharing datasets? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.5	n	Pct
2018	I have no desire to share my data	28	0.007
2019	I have no problems/concerns about sharing data	661	0.037
2020	I have no problems/concerns about sharing data	589	0.037
2021	I have no problems/concerns about sharing data	600	0.035
2022	I have no problems/concerns about sharing data	1353	0.074
2018	Contain sensitive information	416	0.097
2019	Contain sensitive information	1274	0.072
2020	Contain sensitive information	1535	0.095
2021	Contain sensitive information	1366	0.080
2022	Contain sensitive information	1711	0.093
2018	Lack of time to deposit data	300	0.070
2019	Lack of time to deposit data	1389	0.078
2020	Lack of time to deposit data	984	0.061
2021	Lack of time to deposit data	942	0.055
2022	Lack of time to deposit data	878	0.048
2018	Costs of sharing data	274	0.064
2019	Costs of sharing data	1497	0.084
2020	Costs of sharing data	1192	0.074
2021	Costs of sharing data	1147	0.067
2022	Costs of sharing data	1086	0.059
2018	Unsure about copyright licensing	508	0.118
2019	Unsure about copyright licensing	1858	0.105
2020	Unsure about copyright licensing	1479	0.092
2021	Unsure about copyright licensing	1585	0.093
2022	Unsure about copyright licensing	1633	0.089
2018	Data are too large to share	191	0.044
2019	Data are too large to share	674	0.038
2020	Data are too large to share	571	0.035
2021	Data are too large to share	630	0.037
2022	Data are too large to share	548	0.030
2018	Not know what repository to use	333	0.077
2019	Not know what repository to use	1124	0.063
2020	Not know what repository to use	861	0.053
2021	Not know what repository to use	713	0.042
2022	Not know what repository to use	692	0.038
2018	Unsure I have the permission to share	458	0.106
2019	Unsure I have the permission to share	1454	0.082
2020	Unsure I have the permission to share	1291	0.080
2021	Unsure I have the permission to share	1110	0.065
2022	Unsure I have the permission to share	1211	0.066
2018	Data are too small or unimportant	245	0.057
2019	Data are too small or unimportant	626	0.035
2020	Data are too small or unimportant	513	0.032
2021	Data are too small or unimportant	550	0.032
2022	Data are too small or unimportant	340	0.019
2018	Organising data in a presentable and useful way	456	0.106
2019	Organising data in a presentable and useful way	1434	0.081
2020	Organising data in a presentable and usable way	1137	0.070
2021	Organising data in a presentable and usable way	1150	0.067
2022	Organising data in a presentable and usable way	988	0.054
2018	Concerns about misuse of data	518	0.120
2019	Concerns about misuse of data	2082	0.117
2020	Concerns about misuse of data	1881	0.117
2021	Concerns about misuse of data	1920	0.113
2022	Concerns about misuse of data	2123	0.116
2018	Not receiving appropriate credit or acknowledgement	478	0.111
2019	Not receiving appropriate credit or acknowledgement	1834	0.103
2020	Not receiving appropriate credit or acknowledgement	1531	0.095
2021	Not receiving appropriate credit or acknowledgement	1739	0.102
2022	Not receiving appropriate credit or acknowledgement	1739	0.095
2019	Another lab may make a different interpretation of my data	678	0.038
2020	Another lab may make a different interpretation of my data	694	0.043
2021	Another lab may make a different interpretation of my data	581	0.034
2022	Another lab may make a different interpretation of my data	744	0.041
2021	Another lab may ‘scoop’ me to a discovery	918	0.054
2022	Another lab may ‘scoop’ (or has already ‘scooped’) me to a discovery	1237	0.067
2020	I’m not sure I’ve exhausted all the potential findings yet	881	0.055
2021	I’m not sure I’ve exhausted all the potential findings yet	971	0.057
2022	I’m not sure I’ve exhausted all the potential findings yet	1075	0.059
2019	Others may find errors in my data	416	0.023
2020	Others may find errors in my data	386	0.024
2021	Others may find errors in my data	387	0.023
2022	Others may find errors in my data	330	0.018
2019	Others may not be able to repeat my findings	409	0.023
2020	Others may not be able to repeat my findings	379	0.023
2021	Others may not be able to repeat my findings	402	0.024
2022	Others may not be able to repeat my findings	344	0.019
2018	Other (please specify)	100	0.023
2019	Other (please specify)	224	0.013
2020	Other (please specify)	131	0.008
2021	Other (please specify)	151	0.009
2022	Other (please specify)	166	0.009
2019	I have no desire to share my data	145	0.008
2020	I have no desire to share my data	97	0.006
2021	I have no desire to share my data	177	0.010
2022	I have no desire to share my data	172	0.009

Q3.6 How do you think the data shared by others has or could benefit you? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.6	n	Pct
2017	Fosters collaboration	1305	0.195
2018	Fosters collaboration	731	0.210
2019	Fosters collaboration	3035	0.209
2020	Fosters collaboration	2813	0.222
2021	Fosters collaboration	2578	0.236
2022	Fosters collaboration	3666	0.260
2017	Validates own findings	1766	0.264
2018	Validates own findings	907	0.261
2019	Validates own findings	3972	0.273
2020	Validates own findings	3333	0.263
2021	Validates own findings	2871	0.262
2022	Validates own findings	3773	0.268
2017	Complement existing data collected	1676	0.250
2018	Complement existing data collected	881	0.254
2019	Complement existing data collected	3511	0.241
2020	Complement existing data collected	3084	0.244
2021	Complement existing data collected	2599	0.238
2022	Complement existing data collected	3036	0.216
2017	Avoids duplication of effort	1716	0.256
2018	Avoids duplication of effort	847	0.244
2019	Avoids duplication of effort	3487	0.240
2020	Avoids duplication of effort	3008	0.238
2021	Avoids duplication of effort	2436	0.223
2022	Avoids duplication of effort	3136	0.223
2017	Other (please specify)	162	0.024
2018	Other (please specify)	78	0.022
2019	Other (please specify)	240	0.016
2020	Other (please specify)	204	0.016
2021	Other (please specify)	160	0.015
2022	Other (please specify)	161	0.011
2017	It has not or would not benefit me	72	0.011
2018	It has not or would not benefit me	30	0.009
2019	It has not or would not benefit me	307	0.021
2020	It has not or would not benefit me	220	0.017
2021	It has not or would not benefit me	295	0.027
2022	It has not or would not benefit me	307	0.022

Planning data management

Q3.7 Are you aware of the concept of a data management plan?

Survey	Q3.7	n	Pct
2022	No	2482	0.519
2022	Yes	2303	0.481

Q3.8 To what extent do you feel capable of developing a practical data management plan if you were required to do so?

Survey	Q3.8	n	Pct
2020	Require moderate training	1870	0.378
2020	Competent	1699	0.344
2022	Require moderate training	842	0.368
2020	Fully competent	818	0.165
2022	Competent	785	0.343
2020	Require extensive/full training	558	0.113
2022	Fully competent	540	0.236
2022	Require extensive/full training	121	0.053

Q3.9 Have you ever created a data management plan?

Survey	Q3.9	n	Pct
2022	Yes, for a number of projects including my current research	840	0.373
2022	No	689	0.306
2022	Yes, only for my current project	460	0.204
2022	Yes, for a number of projects not including my current research	265	0.118

Q3.10 What were the key reasons that led you to creating a data management plan? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.10	n	Pct
2022	It was a requirement of my current funder	671	0.270
2022	It was a requirement of my institution	516	0.208
2022	It is a requirement of the journal I plan to submit to	223	0.090
2022	It was suggested by my supervisor	183	0.074
2022	It is an expectation/norm within my field of research	392	0.158
2022	Personal choice (i.e. no specific requirement)	464	0.187
2022	No specific reason	25	0.010
2022	I don’t know	8	0.003

Q3.11 To what extent did you implement the data management plan for the last project you completed?

Survey	Q3.11	n	Pct
2022	Somewhat	181	0.696
2022	Entirely	58	0.223
2022	Not at all	21	0.081

Q3.12 To what extent have you implemented your data management plan for your current project?

Survey	Q3.12	n	Pct
2022	Entirely	638	0.498
2022	Somewhat	617	0.482
2022	Not at all	26	0.020

Q3.13 What, if any, challenges have you experienced in implementing data management plans? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.13	n	Pct
2022	I have forgotten to follow the plan	137	0.075
2022	The plan was too ambitious for my funds	304	0.166
2022	The plan was too demanding of my time	538	0.294
2022	Our research changed so that the plan was no longer valid	274	0.150
2022	I experienced technical challenges (e.g. where to store data, how to organise data)	501	0.274
2022	Other (please specify)	76	0.042

Q3.14 In which, if any, aspects of data management planning do you feel you would benefit from further skills training/information? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.14	n	Pct
2020	Defining the data to be produced and how it’s acquired	1900	0.155
2022	Defining the data to be produced and how it is acquired	2869	0.195
2020	Metadata descriptions	2274	0.186
2022	Metadata descriptions	2586	0.176
2020	Understanding and defining policies for access, sharing and re-use	2764	0.226
2022	Understanding and defining policies for access, sharing and reuse	3312	0.226
2020	Long-term storage and data management strategies	2818	0.230
2022	Long-term storage and data management strategies	3093	0.211
2020	Costing and budget planning	2044	0.167
2022	Costing and budget planning	2120	0.144
2020	Other (please specify)	86	0.007
2022	Other (please specify)	117	0.008
2020	None of the above	343	0.028
2022	None of the above	588	0.040

Collection and curation of research data

Q3.15 Do you curate/prepare your data for sharing (during or after the data collection process) either privately or publicly?

Survey	Q3.15	n	Pct
2020	Yes, some	1836	0.371
2022	Yes, some	1454	0.250
2019	Yes, all data	1321	0.232
2019	Yes, some	1306	0.229
2021	Yes, some	1185	0.264
2022	Yes, all data	1104	0.190
2022	Yes, but only data shared with colleagues or beyond	1079	0.186
2019	No, it’s not important with our data	1034	0.181
2021	Yes, all data	947	0.211
2020	Yes, all data	917	0.185
2017	Yes, some	834	0.330
2022	No, we don’t have the resource to do this but would like to	801	0.138
2020	Yes, but only data shared with colleagues or beyond	771	0.156
2021	Yes, but only data shared with colleagues or beyond	750	0.167
2019	No, we don’t have the resource to do this but would like to	676	0.119
2022	Yes, but only data shared publicly	588	0.101
2019	Yes, but only data shared with colleagues or beyond	550	0.096
2019	Yes, but only data shared publicly	549	0.096
2021	Yes, but only data shared publicly	537	0.120
2022	No, not important	515	0.089
2021	No, we don’t have the resource to do this but would like to	504	0.112
2020	Yes, but only data shared publicly	489	0.099
2020	No, it’s not important with our data	465	0.094
2017	Yes, all data	453	0.179
2018	Yes, some	417	0.337
2020	No, we don’t have the resource to do this but would like to	360	0.073
2017	Yes, but only data shared with colleagues or beyond	357	0.141
2021	No, it’s not important with our data	352	0.078
2017	No, we don’t have the resource to do this but would like to	298	0.118
2017	No, it’s not important with our data	273	0.108
2022	No, other (please specify)	269	0.046
2019	No, other (please specify)	264	0.046
2021	No, other (please specify)	216	0.048
2017	Yes, but only data shared publicly	214	0.085
2018	Yes, all data	188	0.152
2018	Yes, but only data shared with colleagues or beyond	185	0.149
2018	No, we don’t have the resource to do this but would like to	152	0.123
2018	No, it’s not important with our data	124	0.100
2018	Yes, but only data shared publicly	123	0.099
2020	No, other (please specify)	107	0.022
2017	No, other (please specify)	95	0.038
2018	No, other (please specify)	49	0.040

Q3.16 Where do you store your research data while your project is underway? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.16	n	Pct
2022	Personal computer (hard drive)	4106	0.335
2022	Personal cloud storage	1893	0.155
2022	Institutional computer (hard drive)	2265	0.185
2022	Institutional network	1361	0.111
2022	Institutional repository	913	0.075
2022	Physical storage (e.g. notebooks)	1479	0.121
2022	Other (please specify)	226	0.018

Q3.17 Would you be willing to allow any of the following to help review, curate, or prepare your data for making it publicly available? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.17	n	Pct
2018	Library	520	0.268
2019	Library	1526	0.129
2020	Library	1313	0.121
2022	Library	2182	0.177
2018	Peers	708	0.365
2019	Peers	2333	0.196
2020	Peers	2344	0.217
2022	Peers	2201	0.178
2018	Publisher	634	0.327
2019	Publisher	2441	0.206
2020	Publisher	2209	0.204
2022	Publisher	2358	0.191
2019	Professional service	1581	0.133
2020	Professional service	1510	0.140
2022	Professional service	1632	0.132
2019	Funder	1706	0.144
2020	Funder	1410	0.130
2022	Funder	1577	0.128
2019	Research office	2096	0.177
2020	Research Office	1864	0.172
2022	Research Office	2245	0.182
2018	Other (please specify)	79	0.041
2019	Other (please specify)	191	0.016
2020	Other (please specify)	166	0.015
2022	Other (please specify)	147	0.012

Q3.18 What areas, if any, do you feel you need help with in regards to managing your research data during the collection period? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.18	n	Pct
2022	Finding the time to curate data	3045	0.241
2022	Collaborating with other teams	2190	0.174
2022	Finding appropriate repositories for deposition of data	2577	0.204
2022	Finding the funds for continued management/storage	2526	0.200
2022	Applying metadata	1674	0.133
2022	Other (please specify)	82	0.007
2022	None of the above	519	0.041

Q3.19 At which point during the research cycle, if at all, do you make your data available?

Survey	Q3.19	n	Pct
2022	On publication of the research	2107	0.363
2021	On publication of the research	1370	0.305
2022	When the research is complete	1114	0.192
2021	Upon request from others	968	0.216
2022	In the process of submitting a research article	884	0.152
2021	When submitting a research article	861	0.192
2022	Upon request from others	854	0.147
2021	When the research is complete	655	0.146
2022	I do not share my data beyond my immediate collaborators	611	0.105
2021	I do not share my data beyond my immediate collaborators	435	0.097
2022	Immediately at the point when data is collected	240	0.041
2021	Immediately at the point when data is collected	202	0.045

Q3.20 How do you share your research data with a public audience? (Please select all that apply)

Q3.20	n	Pct
Institutional repository	4273	0.374
Funder repository	1456	0.127
External repository (e.g. figshare, Zenodo)	2151	0.188
Supplementary information attached to a research article	2317	0.203
Blog / website	1232	0.108

Q3.21 To what extent do you think you make your data open in compliance with: [Note: by open we mean free to access, reuse, repurpose and redistribute]

Q3.21_1 FAIR data principles (i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable)

Survey	Q3.21_1	n	Pct
2022	Somewhat	2200	0.449
2019	Neutral	1659	0.291
2019	Somewhat	1578	0.277
2020	Somewhat	1443	0.292
2021	Somewhat	1286	0.317
2022	Entirely	1223	0.250
2022	I am not aware of these principles	1196	0.244
2019	Very much	1122	0.197
2020	I don’t know	996	0.201
2020	Neutral	919	0.186
2021	Very much	902	0.222
2020	Very much	851	0.172
2021	Neutral	728	0.179
2019	Not at all	726	0.127
2021	I don’t know	627	0.155
2019	Not very much	615	0.108
2020	Not very much	459	0.093
2021	Not very much	386	0.095
2018	Neutral	313	0.361
2020	Not at all	277	0.056
2022	Not at all	276	0.056
2018	Somewhat	249	0.287
2018	Very much	153	0.176
2021	Not at all	127	0.031
2018	Not very much	94	0.108
2018	Not at all	58	0.067

Q3.21_2 CARE principles for Indigenous Data Governance (i.e. Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility and Ethics)

Survey	Q3.21_2	n	Pct
2022	I am not aware of these principles	1935	0.395
2022	Somewhat	1731	0.354
2022	Entirely	903	0.184
2022	Not at all	326	0.067

Q3.22 To what extent do you think researchers in your field more generally make their data open in compliance with: [Note: by open we mean free to access, reuse, repurpose and redistribute]

Q3.22_1 FAIR data principles (i.e. Findable, Accessible, Interoperable and Reusable)

Survey	Q3.22_1	n	Pct
2022	Somewhat	2681	0.491
2022	I am not aware of these principles	1431	0.262
2022	Not at all	694	0.127
2022	Entirely	658	0.120

Q3.22_2 CARE principles for Indigenous Data Governance (i.e. Collective benefit, Authority to control, Responsibility and Ethics)

Survey	Q3.22_2	n	Pct
2022	I am not aware of these principles	2169	0.397
2022	Somewhat	2047	0.375
2022	Entirely	624	0.114
2022	Not at all	624	0.114

Q3.23 What recognition have you received for sharing your research data? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.23	n	Pct
2019	Full citation in another article	815	0.484
2020	Full citation in another article	1661	0.369
2021	Full citation in another article	1744	0.401
2022	Full citation in another article	1996	0.314
2019	Co-authorship on a paper which used my data	429	0.255
2020	Co-authorship on a paper which used my data	1290	0.286
2021	Co-authorship on a paper which used my data	1142	0.263
2022	Co-authorship on a paper which used my data	1213	0.191
2019	Financial reward	73	0.043
2020	Financial reward	228	0.051
2021	Financial reward	301	0.069
2022	Financial reward	354	0.056
2019	Consideration of my actions in a job review	97	0.058
2020	Consideration of actions in a job review	381	0.085
2021	Consideration of data sharing in a job review	307	0.071
2022	Consideration of data sharing in a job review	405	0.064
2019	Considerations of my actions in a grant application	95	0.056
2020	Considerations of my actions in a grant application	504	0.112
2021	Consideration of data sharing in a grant application	362	0.083
2022	Consideration of data sharing in a grant application	434	0.068
2021	Open data badge	155	0.036
2022	Open data badge	174	0.027
2019	Other (please specify)	175	0.104
2020	Other (please specify)	440	0.098
2021	Other (please specify)	339	0.078
2022	Other (please specify)	131	0.021
2022	I have never received credit/recognition for sharing data	1652	0.260

Q3.24 Have you ever been involved in a collaboration as a result of data you have previously shared?

Survey	Q3.24	n	Pct
2022	No	2821	0.576
2021	No	2318	0.571
2022	Yes	1626	0.332
2021	Yes	1420	0.350
2022	I don’t know	448	0.092
2021	I don’t know	318	0.078

Q3.25 Who would/does meet the costs of making your research data openly accessible (e.g. resource for curation)?

Survey	Q3.25	n	Pct
2022	I don’t know	1459	0.267
2020	I don’t know	1418	0.287
2022	Your institution	1320	0.242
2020	Funds identified for purpose	1296	0.262
2022	Own funds	1235	0.226
2021	I don’t know	1169	0.288
2021	Your institution	1014	0.250
2017	I don’t know	866	0.358
2020	Your institution	864	0.175
2021	Own funds	855	0.211
2022	Funds identified for purpose	658	0.120
2016	I don’t know	613	0.394
2020	Own funds	548	0.111
2020	Funder	510	0.103
2017	Funds identified for purpose	488	0.202
2021	Funds identified for purpose	416	0.103
2022	General grant funds	415	0.076
2017	Your institution	381	0.158
2022	Funder	377	0.069
2021	General grant funds	360	0.089
2016	Your institution	313	0.201
2020	General grant funds	309	0.062
2017	General grant funds	299	0.124
2017	Own funds	282	0.117
2016	Funds identified for purpose	267	0.172
2021	Funder	242	0.060
2016	Own funds	166	0.107
2016	General grant funds	147	0.095
2017	Funder	100	0.041
2016	Funder	48	0.031

Q3.26 To what extent are you comfortable with others using your data for the following?

Q3.26_1 Replication studies (use of your data as a reference to determine whether they can be repeated under similar conditions)

Survey	Q3.26_1	n	Pct
2022	Extremely comfortable	2327	0.426
2021	Extremely comfortable	2291	0.510
2022	Somewhat comfortable	1711	0.313
2021	Somewhat comfortable	1200	0.267
2022	Neutral	876	0.160
2021	Neutral	645	0.144
2022	Somewhat uncomfortable	259	0.047
2022	I don’t know	180	0.033
2021	Somewhat uncomfortable	167	0.037
2022	Extremely uncomfortable	111	0.020
2021	I don’t know	109	0.024
2021	Extremely uncomfortable	79	0.018

Q3.26_2 Reanalysis (using a different method to analyse your data set)

Survey	Q3.26_2	n	Pct
2022	Extremely comfortable	2205	0.404
2021	Extremely comfortable	2124	0.473
2022	Somewhat comfortable	1787	0.327
2021	Somewhat comfortable	1306	0.291
2022	Neutral	902	0.165
2021	Neutral	718	0.160
2022	Somewhat uncomfortable	279	0.051
2022	I don’t know	175	0.032
2021	Somewhat uncomfortable	169	0.038
2022	Extremely uncomfortable	116	0.021
2021	I don’t know	99	0.022
2021	Extremely uncomfortable	75	0.017

Q3.26_3 Reinterpretation (using your data as is to answer another question)

Survey	Q3.26_3	n	Pct
2022	Extremely comfortable	2147	0.393
2021	Extremely comfortable	2085	0.464
2022	Somewhat comfortable	1720	0.315
2021	Somewhat comfortable	1270	0.283
2022	Neutral	917	0.168
2021	Neutral	715	0.159
2022	Somewhat uncomfortable	363	0.066
2021	Somewhat uncomfortable	236	0.053
2022	I don’t know	167	0.031
2022	Extremely uncomfortable	150	0.027
2021	Extremely uncomfortable	93	0.021
2021	I don’t know	92	0.020

Q3.26_4 Isolated reuse (reanalysing your data to answer a new question)

Survey	Q3.26_4	n	Pct
2022	Extremely comfortable	2257	0.413
2021	Extremely comfortable	2083	0.464
2022	Somewhat comfortable	1667	0.305
2021	Somewhat comfortable	1227	0.273
2022	Neutral	963	0.176
2021	Neutral	779	0.173
2022	Somewhat uncomfortable	268	0.049
2021	Somewhat uncomfortable	207	0.046
2022	I don’t know	176	0.032
2022	Extremely uncomfortable	133	0.024
2021	Extremely uncomfortable	99	0.022
2021	I don’t know	96	0.021

Q3.26_5 Combination reuse (reanalysing your data in combination with other data sets to answer a new question)

Survey	Q3.26_5	n	Pct
2022	Extremely comfortable	2399	0.439
2021	Extremely comfortable	2194	0.489
2022	Somewhat comfortable	1719	0.315
2021	Somewhat comfortable	1258	0.280
2022	Neutral	855	0.156
2021	Neutral	710	0.158
2022	Somewhat uncomfortable	215	0.039
2022	I don’t know	168	0.031
2021	Somewhat uncomfortable	144	0.032
2022	Extremely uncomfortable	108	0.020
2021	I don’t know	100	0.022
2021	Extremely uncomfortable	85	0.019

Q3.27 What areas, if any, do you feel you need help with in regard to making your research data openly available? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.27	n	Pct
2019	Finding the time to manage my data	1985	0.185
2020	Finding the time to manage my data	2072	0.218
2021	Finding the time to manage my data	1863	0.208
2022	Finding the time to manage my data	2634	0.195
2018	Copyright/Licensing	672	0.368
2019	Copyright/Licensing	2976	0.278
2020	Copyright/Licensing	2591	0.272
2021	Copyright/Licensing	2486	0.278
2022	Copyright/Licensing	2979	0.220
2018	Data management policies	471	0.258
2019	Data management policies	2362	0.220
2020	Data management policies	2165	0.227
2021	Data management policies	1932	0.216
2022	Data management policies	2490	0.184
2018	Finding appropriate repositories for deposition of data	518	0.284
2019	Finding appropriate repositories for deposition of data	2616	0.244
2020	Finding appropriate repositories for deposition of data	2147	0.226
2021	Finding appropriate repositories for deposition of data	2076	0.232
2022	Finding appropriate repositories for deposition of data	2371	0.175
2022	Finding appropriate funds for deposition of data long term	2542	0.188
2018	Other (please specify)	48	0.026
2019	Other (please specify)	212	0.020
2020	Other (please specify)	122	0.013
2021	Other (please specify)	151	0.017
2022	Other (please specify)	131	0.010
2018	None of the above	118	0.065
2019	None of the above	563	0.053
2020	None of the above	423	0.044
2021	None of the above	436	0.049
2022	None of the above	394	0.029

Discovery, reuse and citation of Open Data

Q3.28 Since January 2020, have you reused any of the below as part of your research?: (Please select all that apply) [Note: by ‘reuse’ we mean undertaking new analysis of a pre-existing data set, either on its own or to add to another data set, to answer a different research question to that which the collection of data was originally intended]

Survey	Q3.28	n	Pct
2020	Your own data	2868	0.570
2021	Your own data	2265	0.593
2022	Your own data	2833	0.524
2020	Openly accessible data shared by other research groups	2161	0.430
2021	Openly accessible data shared by other research groups	1555	0.407
2022	Openly accessible data shared by other research groups	1853	0.343
2022	Data which was not openly accessible and you had to request	724	0.134

Q3.29 To what extent has the COVID-19 pandemic affected your reuse of data? Q3.29_1 Your own data

Survey	Q3.29_1	n	Pct
2021	My reuse of data has not changed since the onset of the pandemic	1365	0.606
2021	I have reused it somewhat more since the onset of the pandemic	370	0.164
2021	I have reused it a lot more since the onset of the pandemic	314	0.139
2022	My reuse of data has not changed since the onset of the pandemic	182	0.441
2022	I have reused it a lot more since the onset of the pandemic	108	0.262
2021	I have reused it somewhat less since the onset of the pandemic	107	0.047
2021	I have reused it a lot less since the onset of the pandemic	97	0.043
2022	I have reused it somewhat more since the onset of the pandemic	71	0.172
2022	I have reused it a lot less since the onset of the pandemic	30	0.073
2022	I have reused it somewhat less since the onset of the pandemic	22	0.053

Q3.29_2 Data shared by other research groups (whether openly or on personal request)

Survey	Q3.29_2	n	Pct
2021	My reuse of data has not changed since the onset of the pandemic	849	0.554
2022	My reuse of data has not changed since the onset of the pandemic	435	0.582
2021	I have reused it somewhat more since the onset of the pandemic	286	0.187
2021	I have reused it a lot more since the onset of the pandemic	244	0.159
2022	I have reused it somewhat more since the onset of the pandemic	136	0.182
2022	I have reused it a lot more since the onset of the pandemic	100	0.134
2021	I have reused it somewhat less since the onset of the pandemic	85	0.055
2021	I have reused it a lot less since the onset of the pandemic	69	0.045
2022	I have reused it a lot less since the onset of the pandemic	40	0.054
2022	I have reused it somewhat less since the onset of the pandemic	36	0.048

Q3.30 Where have you previously obtained research data which has been collected by other research groups, for your own reuse?

Q3.30	n	Pct
Directly from the research group who collected the data (e.g. via email)	293	0.064
Directly from the researcher who collected the data (e.g. via email)	569	0.124
Downloaded directly from a data repository	1285	0.280
Data were available within a published research article	1141	0.249
Data were linked from a published data article	1021	0.222
Online	69	0.015
Data were available from a blog post	212	0.046

Q3.31 How would you rate the importance of each of the following with reference to determining the quality of an openly accessible data set? [Note: by open we mean free to access, reuse, repurpose and redistribute] Q3.31_1 The data are available from a publicly available repository

Survey	Q3.31_1	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	2489	0.498
2021	Extremely important	2294	0.527
2022	Somewhat important	1537	0.308
2021	Somewhat important	1279	0.294
2022	Moderately important	633	0.127
2021	Moderately important	514	0.118
2022	Slightly important	184	0.037
2022	Not at all important	153	0.031
2021	Slightly important	151	0.035
2021	Not at all important	111	0.026

Q3.31_2 The data are new (e.g. released within the last year)

Survey	Q3.31_2	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	1555	0.309
2022	Somewhat important	1524	0.303
2021	Extremely important	1310	0.302
2021	Somewhat important	1273	0.293
2022	Moderately important	967	0.192
2021	Moderately important	884	0.204
2022	Not at all important	592	0.118
2021	Not at all important	540	0.124
2022	Slightly important	396	0.079
2021	Slightly important	331	0.076

Q3.31_3 The data come from a known source (e.g. familiar institution or academic)

Survey	Q3.31_3	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	2241	0.442
2021	Extremely important	2096	0.479
2022	Somewhat important	1705	0.336
2021	Somewhat important	1283	0.293
2022	Moderately important	767	0.151
2021	Moderately important	659	0.150
2022	Slightly important	227	0.045
2021	Slightly important	216	0.049
2022	Not at all important	130	0.026
2021	Not at all important	125	0.029

Q3.31_4 The data are in a repository that I know checks/curates the data

Survey	Q3.31_4	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	2034	0.410
2021	Extremely important	1887	0.438
2022	Somewhat important	1728	0.348
2021	Somewhat important	1365	0.317
2022	Moderately important	777	0.157
2021	Moderately important	713	0.165
2022	Slightly important	258	0.052
2021	Slightly important	199	0.046
2022	Not at all important	166	0.033
2021	Not at all important	145	0.034

Q3.31_5 The data are associated with a peer-reviewed article

Survey	Q3.31_5	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	2150	0.423
2021	Extremely important	1905	0.437
2022	Somewhat important	1740	0.343
2021	Somewhat important	1306	0.299
2021	Moderately important	715	0.164
2022	Moderately important	708	0.139
2022	Slightly important	293	0.058
2021	Slightly important	240	0.055
2021	Not at all important	195	0.045
2022	Not at all important	187	0.037

Q3.31_6 Data visualisations (e.g. figures, charts) reflect the true state of the source data

Survey	Q3.31_6	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	1982	0.396
2021	Extremely important	1774	0.413
2022	Somewhat important	1557	0.311
2021	Somewhat important	1280	0.298
2022	Moderately important	900	0.180
2021	Moderately important	713	0.166
2022	Slightly important	336	0.067
2021	Slightly important	292	0.068
2021	Not at all important	232	0.054
2022	Not at all important	232	0.046

Q3.31_7 Data is consistent with previously published findings

Survey	Q3.31_7	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	1740	0.347
2022	Somewhat important	1472	0.294
2021	Extremely important	1423	0.331
2021	Somewhat important	1239	0.288
2022	Moderately important	921	0.184
2021	Moderately important	870	0.202
2022	Not at all important	472	0.094
2021	Not at all important	437	0.102
2022	Slightly important	408	0.081
2021	Slightly important	334	0.078

Q3.31_8 The data set is complete for my needs

Survey	Q3.31_8	n	Pct
2022	Extremely important	2141	0.427
2021	Extremely important	1797	0.414
2022	Somewhat important	1698	0.339
2021	Somewhat important	1385	0.319
2022	Moderately important	776	0.155
2021	Moderately important	774	0.178
2022	Slightly important	238	0.048
2021	Slightly important	232	0.053
2022	Not at all important	156	0.031
2021	Not at all important	149	0.034

Q3.31_9 Associated metadata give me confidence in the quality of the data

Survey	Q3.31_9	n	Pct
2021	Extremely important	2675	0.611
2022	Extremely important	2079	0.429
2022	Somewhat important	1718	0.354
2021	Somewhat important	1107	0.253
2022	Moderately important	731	0.151
2021	Moderately important	441	0.101
2022	Slightly important	224	0.046
2021	Slightly important	99	0.023
2022	Not at all important	97	0.020
2021	Not at all important	57	0.013

Q3.32 Has your request and/or reuse of a dataset ever resulted in a collaboration?

Survey	Q3.32	n	Pct
2022	No	1912	0.519
2022	Yes	1291	0.351
2022	I don’t know	479	0.130

Support for researchers and Open Data

Q3.33 If you required help with managing or making your research data openly available, which sources would you rely upon? (Please select all that apply) [Note: by open we mean free to access, reuse, repurpose and redistribute]

Survey	Q3.33	n	Pct
2016	Open data software provider	525	0.169
2017	Open data software provider	530	0.118
2018	Open data software provider	421	0.162
2019	Open data software provider	1324	0.132
2020	Open data software provider	1310	0.143
2021	Open data software provider	863	0.094
2022	Open data software provider	1134	0.086
2016	Colleague	990	0.319
2017	Colleague	1224	0.273
2018	Colleague	557	0.214
2019	Colleague	1978	0.197
2020	Colleague	1721	0.187
2021	Colleague	1266	0.137
2022	Colleague	2124	0.160
2016	Web-search	908	0.292
2017	Web-search	1047	0.233
2018	Web-search	650	0.250
2019	Web-search	1548	0.154
2020	Web-search	1553	0.169
2021	Web-search	957	0.104
2022	Web-search	1250	0.094
2017	Library	690	0.154
2018	Library	428	0.165
2019	Library	1395	0.139
2020	Library	1263	0.137
2021	Library	1369	0.148
2022	Library	2078	0.157
2016	Publisher	641	0.206
2017	Publisher	930	0.207
2018	Publisher	509	0.196
2019	Publisher	2433	0.242
2020	Publisher	2167	0.236
2021	Publisher	1534	0.166
2022	Publisher	2032	0.153
2021	Funder	845	0.092
2022	Funder	1166	0.088
2019	Professional third party	707	0.070
2020	Professional third party	772	0.084
2021	Professional third party	365	0.040
2022	Professional third party	1061	0.080
2021	Repository	1567	0.170
2022	Repository	2062	0.156
2016	Other	42	0.014
2017	Other	63	0.014
2018	Other	33	0.013
2019	Other	156	0.016
2020	Other	99	0.011
2021	Other	105	0.011
2022	Other	59	0.004
2019	I would not require help making my data openly available	518	0.051
2020	I would not require help making my data openly available	301	0.033
2021	I would not require help making my data openly available	352	0.038
2022	I would not require help making my data openly available	274	0.021

Q3.34 Have you ever received any support with planning, managing or sharing your research data?

Survey	Q3.34	n	Pct
2022	No	3721	0.759
2022	Yes	1184	0.241

Q3.35 Who did you receive support from? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.35	n	Pct
2022	Open data software provider	289	0.100
2022	Colleague/Supervisor	686	0.238
2022	Web-search	232	0.080
2022	Institutional library	381	0.132
2022	Publisher	284	0.099
2022	Funder	213	0.074
2022	Research Office/In-house institutional expertise	354	0.123
2022	Professional third party	177	0.061
2022	Repository	236	0.082
2022	Other (please specify)	31	0.011

Q3.36 What level of support do you think is available from the following if you needed help in planning, managing or sharing your research data? Q3.36_1 Institution/Organisation
Q3.36_2 Funder Q3.36_3 Publisher

Q3.36	n	Support	Pct
Average	1215	Institution/Organisation	0.263
Excellent	971	Institution/Organisation	0.210
Good	1285	Institution/Organisation	0.278
Poor	729	Institution/Organisation	0.158
Terrible	425	Institution/Organisation	0.092
Average	1132	Funder	0.281
Excellent	590	Funder	0.147
Good	952	Funder	0.237
Poor	896	Funder	0.223
Terrible	453	Funder	0.113
Average	1291	Publisher	0.319
Excellent	685	Publisher	0.169
Good	1143	Publisher	0.283
Poor	643	Publisher	0.159
Terrible	281	Publisher	0.070

Q3.37 Considering your most recent piece of research, which, if any, of the following have a policy on data sharing? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.37	n	Pct
2019	Funder	1126	0.136
2022	Funder	1412	0.167
2019	Institution	1408	0.170
2022	Institution	1901	0.224
2019	Department/Faculty	866	0.105
2022	Department/Faculty	946	0.112
2019	Publisher	1920	0.232
2022	Publisher	2010	0.237
2019	Government	760	0.092
2022	Government	643	0.076
2019	None of the above	1402	0.169
2022	None of the above	690	0.081
2019	I don’t know	792	0.096
2022	I don’t know	871	0.103

Q3.38 Would you like more guidance on how to comply with the policies of any of the below on making your research data openly available? (Please select all that apply)

Survey	Q3.38	n	Pct
2021	Funder	1838	0.246
2022	Funder	1848	0.194
2021	Institution	2583	0.345
2022	Institution	2778	0.291
2021	Department or faculty	1569	0.210
2022	Department or faculty	1743	0.183
2021	Government	1488	0.199
2022	Government	1469	0.154
2022	Publisher	1708	0.179

Q3.39 How supportive would you be of a national mandate for making research data openly available?

Survey	Q3.39	n	Pct
2019	Strongly support	2748	0.482
2020	Strongly support	2178	0.440
2021	Strongly support	1852	0.412
2022	Strongly support	1844	0.359
2019	Somewhat support	1713	0.301
2022	Somewhat support	1658	0.323
2020	Somewhat support	1527	0.309
2021	Somewhat support	1427	0.318
2022	Neutral	1063	0.207
2016	Strongly support	929	0.516
2020	Neutral	849	0.172
2021	Neutral	822	0.183
2017	Neutral	766	0.318
2017	Strongly support	709	0.294
2019	Neutral	661	0.116
2017	Somewhat support	616	0.255
2016	Somewhat support	470	0.261
2018	Strongly support	376	0.314
2018	Somewhat support	371	0.310
2019	Somewhat oppose	370	0.065
2018	Neutral	304	0.254
2022	Somewhat oppose	295	0.058
2022	Strongly oppose	270	0.053
2016	Neutral	257	0.143
2020	Somewhat oppose	257	0.052
2021	Somewhat oppose	219	0.049
2019	Strongly oppose	208	0.036
2017	Somewhat oppose	193	0.080
2021	Strongly oppose	171	0.038
2020	Strongly oppose	134	0.027
2017	Strongly oppose	127	0.053
2016	Somewhat oppose	100	0.056
2018	Somewhat oppose	77	0.064
2018	Strongly oppose	68	0.057
2016	Strongly oppose	43	0.024

Q3.40 Should funders make the sharing of research data part of their requirements for awarding grants?

Survey	Q3.40	n	Pct
2019	Yes	3907	0.685
2020	Yes	2716	0.549
2022	Yes	2681	0.523
2021	Yes	2322	0.521
2022	No	1399	0.273
2019	No	1264	0.222
2020	I don’t know	1263	0.255
2021	No	1138	0.256
2022	I don’t know	1050	0.205
2021	I don’t know	994	0.223
2020	No	966	0.195
2019	I don’t know	529	0.093

Q3.41 Should funders withhold funding from (or penalise in other ways) researchers who do not share their data if the funder has mandated that they do so at the grant application stage?

Survey	Q3.41	n	Pct
2019	Yes	3947	0.692
2020	Yes	2616	0.529
2022	Yes	2263	0.441
2021	Yes	2142	0.477
2022	No	1661	0.324
2020	I don’t know	1260	0.255
2021	I don’t know	1208	0.269
2022	I don’t know	1206	0.235
2021	No	1141	0.254
2020	No	1069	0.216
2019	No	950	0.167
2019	I don’t know	803	0.141